URL Redirection
URL redirection is the practice of mapping an old URL to a new one, so anyone who follows the old link lands on the right content instead of a 404 Not Found error.
When you reorganize a site or migrate to a new content management system, your URLs almost always change, but every bookmark, every link from another site, and every search result still points at the old addresses. A redirect forwards those requests to the new location. The most common kind is a 301, which signals that the move is permanent and tells search engines to carry your search engine optimization value over to the new URL.