Data Privacy Regulation
Data privacy regulation covers the laws that govern how you collect, store, and use personal information — the best known being Europe's GDPR and California's CCPA. They affect any site that gathers data from people, wherever the site is run from.
For a web project, your concern around data privacy takes several shapes: how you handle cookie consent, how you store personally identifiable information, and what you're allowed to do with first-party data. They tend to change, so it's important to confirm rather than assume.